Effect of Rheb1 in the Development of Mouse Megakaryocyte-Erythroid Progenitor Cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of Rheb1 in the development of mouse megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells and its related mechanism.@*METHODS@#Rheb1 was specifically knocked-out in the hematopoietic system of Vav1-Cre;Rheb1fl/fl mice(Rheb1Δ/Δ mice). Flow cytometry was used to detect the percentage of red blood cells in peripheral blood and erythroid cells in bone marrow in Vav1-Cre;Rheb1fl/fl mice and control mice. The CFC assay was used to detect the differentiation ability of Rheb1 KO megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells and control cells. Real-time fluorescence quantification PCR was used to detect the relative expression of PU.1,GATA-1,GATA-2,CEBPα and CEBPβ of Rheb1 KO megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells and control cells. Rapamycin was added to the culture medium, and it was used to detect the changes in cloning ability of megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells from wild-type mice in vitro.@*RESULTS@#After Rheb1 was knocked out, the development and stress response ability of megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells in mice were weaken and the differentiation ability of megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells in vitro was weaken. Moreover, the expression of GATA-1 of megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells was decreased. Further, rapamycin could inhibit the differentiative capacity of megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells in vitro.@*CONCLUSION@#Rheb1 can regulate the development of megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells probably through the mTOR signaling pathway in mice.

Effect of acetaminophen on sepsis-associated encephalopathy in mice and relationship with ferroptosis / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of acetaminophen on sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) in mice and the relationship with ferroptosis.Methods:A total of 160 clean-grade healthy adult male C57BL/6J mice, aged 6 weeks, weighing 22-24 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=40 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (Sham group), sham operation+ acetaminophen group (Sham+ APAP group), SAE group and SAE+ acetaminophen group (SAE+ APAP group). The model of SAE was established by cecal ligation and puncture in anesthetized mice.Acetaminophen 100 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected at 1 h before the model was established in group Sham+ APAP and group SAE+ APAP.The postoperative 7-day survival rate was recorded.At 24 h after operation, brain tissues were taken for examination of the pathological changes of neurons in hippocampal CA1 region.At 24 h after establishment of the model, ultrastructure was observed with a transmission electron microscope, the contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) in hippocampus were determined by colorimetry, and the expression of glutathione peroxidase (GPX4), cystine/glutamate antiporter (xCT) and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) was determined by Western blot. Results:Compared with group Sham, the postoperative 7-day survival rate of mice was significantly decreased, contents of ROS and MDA in hippocampus were increased, GSH content in hippocampus was decreased and expression of GPX4 and xCT was down-regulated in SAE and SAE+ APAP groups, 4-HNE expression was up-regulated in group SAE ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group Sham+ APAP ( P>0.05). Compared with group SAE, the postoperative 7-day survival rate of mice was significantly increased, contents of ROS and MDA in hippocampus were decreased, GSH content in hippocampus was increased, expression of GPX4 and xCT was up-regulated and expression of 4-HNE was down-regulated in group SAE+ APAP ( P<0.05). The pathological changes in hippocampal CA1 region and damage to ultrastructure of hippocampal tissue were significantly attenuated in group SAE+ APAP as compared with group SAE. Conclusion:Acetaminophen can effectively alleviate SAE, and the mechanism is related to inhibiting ferroptosis in mice.

Optimization of Mouse Model of Aplastic Anemia Induced by Pan T Lymphocytes Combined with Irradiation / 中国实验血液学杂志

METHODS@#To establish the acquired aplastic anemia mouse model through the X-ray irradiation in combination with lymphocytes injection. AA Group: the purified Pan T lymphocytes from the spleen of C57BL/6J mice were enriched and injected to the mice through tail vein(5×10@*RESULTS@#Compared with 4, 5 Gy irradiated mice in AA groups, the survival time of 3 Gy irradiated AA groups was significantly prolonged. 3, 4 and 5 Gy X-ray irradiation combined with Pan T lymphocyte injection could successfully induced severe reduction of red blood cells, blood neutrophils, and platelets, severe reduction of bone marrow nucleated cells, severe bone marrow hematopoietic failure, and the significant expansion of T lymphocytes ratio in the bone marrow. CD4@*CONCLUSION@#3, 4 and 5 Gy X-ray irradiation combined with 5×10

Expression of Galectin-1 in neuroblastoma tissues and its effect on cell proliferation and invasion / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To investigate the expression of Galectin-1 in neuroblastoma(NB)tissues and the effects of down-regulating this gene on cell proliferation and invasion.Methods:A total of 62 cases of NB children who had complete data and were initially treated at the Department of Pediatrics, Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang Medical College from January 2010 to January 2018 were enrolled.The expression of Galectin-1 protein in NB tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry.NB cell line SH-SY5Y was cultured and divided into the siRNA-Gal1 group (with Galection-1 transfected interference sequence siRNA-Gal1), siRNA-NC group (negative control sequence siRNA-NC was transfected) and blank group(without any treatment). The expression of Galectin-1, cell proliferation activity, and cell migration and invasiveness in 3 groups were detected by real-time quantitative PCR, cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) assay and Transwell assay, respectively.Western blot were used to detect the expressions of Galectin-1, E-cadherin and Vimentin proteins in 3 groups.Results:Among 62 cases, the positive expression rate of Galectin-1 protein was 69.35%.The positive expression rates of Galectin-1 protein in cells with grade of clinicopathological indexes of International Neuroblastoma Staging System stage of Ⅲ-Ⅳ, cells at high risk and cells with bone metastasis (78.57%, 78.05% and 84.00%)were significantly different from stage of Ⅰ-Ⅱ and Ⅳs, cells at low risk and cells without bone metastasis (50.00%, 52.38%, 59.46%) (all P<0.05). Compared with the siRNA-NC group and the blank group, the expression of Galectin-1 mRNA(0.23±0.06 vs.1.04±0.05 and 1.00±0.08)and protein(0.23±0.05 vs.0.86±0.06 and 0.84±0.05)in the siRNA-Gal1 group was significantly decreased(all P<0.05). The cell optical density(OD)values at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h in the siRNA-Gal1 group were significantly lower than those in the siRNA-NC group and the blank group(all P<0.05). Compared with the siRNA-NC group and the blank group, the siRNA-Gal1 group showed a significant decrease in cell migration(101.55±5.56 vs.137.24±5.14 and 132.76±7.46)and invasion(78.21±5.08 vs.114.46±7.31 and 120.06±6.47, all P<0.001). The expression level of Vimentin protein in the siRNA-Gal1 group was significantly lower than that in the siRNA-NC group and the blank group(0.24±0.03 vs.0.69±0.07 and 0.70±0.06)(all P<0.05), while the expression level of E-cadherin protein in the siRNA-Gal1 group was significantly higher than that in other 2 groups(0.77±0.09 vs.0.29±0.05 and 0.33±0.04)(all P<0.05). Conclusions:The positive expression rate of Galectin-1 protein in NB tissues is 69.35%, which indicates that Galectin-1 might be involved in the malignant process of NB.Silencing the expression of Galectin-1 gene can inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of NB cells, and the mechanism may be related the inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Design of portable teleoperated marine rescue device / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To design a portable teleoperated rescue device for persons who fell into the sea. Methods: The function analysis of rescue device and the design of target properties were performed using the quality function deployment method by summarizing the advantages of existing marine rescuers, marine environment and airborne characteristics. The optimal triangle rescuer was selected from six conceptual design schemes. The simulated analysis of surface pressure distribution was carried out with STAR-CCM+ software. The deformation, stress and strain energy were analyzed with ANSYS Workbench software. The reliability analysis was performed with failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA). Results: The triangle rescue device met the requirements of STAR-CCM+ analysis and ANSYS Workbench analysis, and achieved low energy consumption and good agility. The possible causes of failure in reliability analysis were dealt with accordingly. Conclusion: The design of portable teleoperated marine rescue device has the characteristics of portability, strong maneuverability and high safety. It can provide great help for maritime rescue and has certain military, social and economic values.

Clinicopathological characteristics of fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma / 中华病理学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics, molecular and genetic features, differential diagnoses and prognosis of fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma (FH-RCC).@*Methods@#The immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of FH in 391 renal neoplasms in tissue chips collected from the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and 971 Hospital of PLA Navy from January 2011 to December 2017 was evaluated. The clinicopathologic data of eight FH negative cases were collected.Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing were used to detect the changes in FH gene in three cases. Interphase FISH with a dual color and break-apart probe was applied to detect the TFE3 gene alteration in the cases showing TFE3 protein expression.@*Results@#Among the eight patients, seven were male and one was female, and age ranged from 28 to 50 years (mean 39 years). Tumor size ranged from 3.5 cm to 12.0 cm (mean 7.9 cm). Renal pelvis invasion was identified in six cases, and the tumor emboli in renal vein and inferior vena cava were found in four patients. The cut surface of most tumors was solid, colorful, grayish white or yellow with no clear border showing invasive growth pattern. Microscopically, the tumors showed different proportions of papillary, tubular cystic, cribriform and solid structures. The tumor cells were rounded or polygonal with eosinophilic or amphotropic cytoplasm, round or oval nuclei, and focal large and prominent nucleoli (WHO/ISUP grade 3-4). Two cases had sarcomatoid or rhabdoid components. Intravascular tumor emboli were found in five cases. IHC staining showed most tumors expressed PAX8(7/8), CK19(7/8), vimentin (6/8) and P504s(8/8). However, other immunomarkers including CK7, CD10, CD117, RCC, 34βE12, HMB45 and Melan A were all negative. Sequencing showed all three cases had FH gene mutations in exon 1. FISH revealed no TFE3 gene translocation or amplification in the two cases with TFE3 IHC expression. Follow-up data were available in seven patients with the follow-up period from 11 to 66 months. Among them, five patients died between 11 to 31 months after the surgery because of extensive distant metastases of the tumor to the lung, liver and lymph nodes. The other two patients were alive at the 36th and 66th month after the surgery.@*Conclusions@#Morphologically, FH-RCC overlaps with papillary RCC, collecting duct carcinoma and tubular-cystic RCC, showing a mixture of papillary, tubular cystic, cribriform or tubular papillary structures with at least focal large and prominent nucleoli. The negative expression of FH and the detection of FH gene mutation could facilitate the diagnosis of the tumor. FH-RCC is a high aggressive tumor, prone to metastasize, and is associated with poor prognosis. The timely diagnosis of FH-RCC could benefit the patients and their relatives as well.

Treatment of hypospadias in children with urethral plate combined with one crescent flap / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of urethral plate combined with unilateral crescent flap in the treatment of hypospadias in children.Methods The clinical data of 14 cases of hypospadias treated from March 2017 to March 2018 were retrospectively analyzed,with average age of (3.3 ± 2.1) years.The external urethral orifice was located in the middle and distal part of the ventral side of the penis,with mild and moderate bends of the penis.The prepuce was piling up on the penile dorsal side,the ventral skin was deficient,and there was no concomitant disease such as penis scrotum transposition or cryptorchidism.All children were primarily treated with urethroplasty with urethral plate and one crescent flap.One side of the free urethral plate had a crescent superficial fascia,which was used as the new urethral material together with the urethral plate.By design,the urethra sutured deviating from the midline.The external urethral orifice was formed by trimming the anterior opening of urethra in the form of shallow "V" shape,and the new urethra was covered with the dorsal fleshy vascular pedicle.The pterygoid flap of the penis was sutured to form the penile head,and the foreskin was cut to cover the body of the penis.The specimens were taken for HE staining.Results The operation was successfully completed in 14 children.The length of the penis was measured before it is stretched out.The penile length was(3.5 ±0.5)cm,the penile diameter was(1.2 ±0.3) cm at the coronal sulcus,and the diameter of the tortoise head was (1.5 ± 0.3) cm at the pterygoid.The width of urethral plate was (0.6 ± 0.1) cm.Remeasurement was performed after complete correction of penile bending deformity.The length of the penis was (3.5 ± 0.5) cm,and the urethral defect was (1.7 ± 0.7)cm.According to Barcat method,there were 2 cases of coronal sulcus type,7 cases of anterior penile type and 5 cases of middle penile type.The results of HE staining showed that the number of blood vessels in the dorsal prepuce and fascia was (8.5 ± 2.1),dorsal foreskin plate was (5.1 ± 1.6),ventral prepuce internal plates was (7.6 ± 1.8),and ventral outer prepuce plates was (4.8 ±1.6).The number of superficial fascia vessels and deep fascia vessels were (10.3 ± 1.4) and (4.2 ± 1.7).The analysis of variance showed that there was significant difference in the mean number among groups(P =0.036),which was compared with each other by SNK-q test.The number of fasciae in dorsal prepuce was the most abundant,there was significant difference between dorsal and outer prepuce(P =0.033),and there was also significant difference with ventral prepuce(P =0.047).But there was no significant difference between the two groups(P =0.326).There was no significant difference in the number of blood vessels between the dorsal and ventral prepuce (P =0.682).The number of superficial fascia vessels near the skin was significantly more than that of deep fascia(P =0.037).On the transverse plane,there are more branches of the superficial fascia to the urethral plate at the junction of the ventral external plate and the urethral plate.All 14 cases were followed up for 3 to 9 months with an average of(5.4 ± 2.1) months.The penis was straight and satisfactory,urethral orifice was not cracked,urination was laborious and not forked,and there was no fistula.One patient with middle penile type developed postoperative infection and was controlled after antiinfective treatment.One patient with anterior penile type had slight urination after operation,but had no difficulty in urination.F6 metal urethral dilator was used to dilate for 2 months,and the urination was normal.Conclusion Urethral plate combined with crescent flap urethroplasty for hypospadias has a satisfactory appearance and fewer complications.It provides an optional operative method for the children who need no transection of urethra plate to straighten the penis,especially for the poor development of the penis and the insufficiency of the new urethral materials.The superficial fascia tissue on both sides of the urethral plate is an ideal material for the new urethra because of its abundant blood supply adjacent to the urethral plate and direct vascular connection.

The effect of oxytocin on fear responses: bidirectional regulation or methodological issues? / 生理学报

One of the core symptoms in anxiety disorders is dysregulated fear response. It is crucial for psychologists and neuroscientists to understand how fear responses are enhanced and inhibited. Although oxytocin (OXT) was initially conceived as a prosocial molecule and mammalian neuropeptide that enhances cooperation and trust, later studies showed that it produces modulatory influence on fear responses. Therefore, OXT is now regarded as a promising pharmacological agent to boost treatment response in anxiety disorders. However, the effect of OXT on fear responses have been somewhat complex, and there are some contradictions among animal experiments and human studies. In this article, we summarize recent studies that employed animal models, brain region-specific manipulations and preclinical studies to explore the role of OXT in the acquisition and processing of fear response. We also discuss the methodological differences among these studies and review the potential factors that may contribute to the complicated effect of OXT on fear response. This review will help to promote the potential clinical application of OXT.

Expression changes of soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor and soluble triggering receptors expressed by myeloid cell-1 in serum of children with primary nephrotic syndrome and their clinical signifi-cance / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the expression changes of soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor(suPAR)and soluble triggering receptors expressed by myeloid cell-1(sTREM-1)in serum of children with primary nephrotic syndrome(PNS)and their clinical significance.Methods A total of 92 cases of newly diag-nosed PNS children were selected in Central Hospital of Yidu Affiliated to Weifang Medical College from June 2014 to September 2016.According to presence or absence of acute tubular necrosis,they were divided into acute renal injury group(27 cases)and non-acute renal injury group(65 cases).According to pathology type,they were divided into mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis(30 cases),focal segmental glomerulosclerosis(23 cases),membranous ne-phropathy(18 cases),minimal change disease(14 cases)and membrane proliferative glomerulonephritis(7 cases).In the same period,45 healthy children were selected as the healthy control group.The clinical data were collected.The serum levels of suPAR and sTREM-1 were measured by adopting enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Results The levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),uric acid(UA),urinary protein/creatinine,24 h urinary protein,urinary N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase(NAG)and β2-microglobulin(MG)in children with PNS were higher than those in the healthy control group,while serum albumin(ALB)was lower than that in the healthy con-trol group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The serum levels of suPAR and sTREM-1 in PNS patients were(133.09 ± 62.48)ng/L and(79.29 ± 34.68),respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group[(31.11 ± 11.61)ng/L and(25.08 ± 8.10)ng/L](t=51.714,49.435;all P=0.000).The serum levels of suPAR and sTREM-1 in acute renal injury group were(188.82 ± 32.21)ng/L and (109.11 ± 24.78)ng/L,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in non -acute renal injury group [(75.96 ± 28.69)ng/L and(52.23 ± 14.07)ng/L]and healthy control group[(31.11 ± 11.61)ng/L and (25.08 ± 8.10)ng/L](F=16 739.607,10 487.256,all P=0.000).The serum levels of suPAR and sTREM-1 in children with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and membrane proliferative glomerulonephritis were higher than those with minimal change disease,membranous nephropathy and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis results showed that the serum levels of suPAR and sTREM -1 were positively correlated with TC,TG,urinary protein/creatinine,24 h urinary protein, urinary NAG and β2-MG(all P <0.05),while negatively correlated with ALB(P <0.05). Conclusions The serum levels of suPAR and sTREM-1 are elevated in children with PNS,and which are related with acute renal injury and pathological type,which can reflect the degree of renal tubular disease and kidney function to a certain extent.

Accuracy of air column width difference between inflation and deflation of cuff of endotracheal tube in predicting post-extubation stridor / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of air column width difference (ACWD) between inflation and deflation of the cuff of the endotracheal tube (ETT) in predicting post-extubation stridor (PES).Methods A total of 102 intubated patients of both sexes and all ages,who were mechanically ventilated for ≥24 h in the intensive care unit,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅲ or Ⅳ,were enrolled in the study.After the patients were in a stable condition and recovered consciousness and myodynamia,they were weaned from the ventilator,and ultrasound examination of the larynx was performed to determine ACWD between ETT cuff inflation and deflation.PES was assessed using blinding nethod after extubation,and the patients were divided into 2 groups depending on whether or not the patients developed PES:PES group (group P) and non-PES group (group N).Results There were 94 patients in group N and 8 patients in group P.Compared with group N,ACWD was significantly decreased in group P (P＜ 0.05).The cut-off value of ACWD determined by the receiver operating characteristic curve was 1.65 mm,the sensitivity and specificity of ACWD were 0.830 and 0.750,respectively,and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.801.Conclusion For the intubated patients who are mechanically ventilated for ≥24 h in an intensive care unit,ACWD between ETT cuff inflation and deflation＜ 1.65 mm can effectively predict PES.

Clinical Observation of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine and Sufentanil for Pediatric Sedation Undergoing Stomatology Operation of Outpatient Department / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

[Objective] To research the sedative effect of intranasal dexmedetomidine and sufentanil for pediatric sedation for stomatological operation of outpatient department.[Methods] 60 children undergoing stomatological operation of outpatient department,age 3 ～ 7 years,weighing 10 ～ 32 kg,of ASA physical status Ⅰ ～ Ⅱ,were divided into the three groups (n =20) randomly using a random number table:group dexmedetomidine and sufentanil (group DS),group dexmetomidine (group D),group sufentanil (group S).Recorded the children's behavior using the Ohio State University behavior rating score (OSUBRS),the University of Michigan Sedation Score (UMSS),SBP,HR and side-effects when entry,during and leave operation and in post-anesthesia care unit,side-effects,the satisfaction of stomatological doctors and parents.[Results] The OSUBRS of group DS when entry,during operation were lower than group D (P ＜ 0.01).The UMSS of group DS were higher than group D and group S when entry and during operation (P ＜ 0.05).The success rate of group DS was higher than group D and group S (P ＜ 0.01).There was no different of mean percentage change in systolic blood pressure and heart rate from baseline between group DS and group D (P ＞ 0.05).There were no instances of respiratory depression,hypotension and bradycadia.[Conclusion] Intranasal dexmedetomidine and sufentanil provides satisfactory pediatric sedation for stomatological operation of outpatient department without side effects such as respiratory depression,bradycadia and hypotension.

Effect of PDK1 on Notch1-Induced Mouse T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the role of PDK1 in T-ALL development through establishing the Notch1-induced T-ALL mouse model by using Mx1-cre; LoxP system to knock-out PDK1.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cell cycle and apoptosis of leukemic cells were detected by flow cytometry, and relative expression of tumor-related genes and transcription factors of leukemic cells were determined by quantitative real-time PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Notch1-induced T-ALL mouse model with inducible knock-out of PDK1 was established successfully. Compared to T-ALL control mouse model, PDK1 knock-out mice showed a significant longer survival time (P<0.01). There was no difference of cell cycle between control and PDK1 knock-out mice, and the apoptosis rate of leukemic cells in PDK1 knock-out mice was higher than that of control mice (P<0.001). PDK1 knock-out resulted in decreased expression of tumor-related genes and transcription factors, such as c-Myc and NF-κB (P<0.01), and increased expression level of P53 (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PDK1 knock-out can inhibit the development of T-ALL, and its mechanism may be the leukemia progression inhibited by regulating the apoptosis and expression of multiple related genes and transcription factors.</p>

Effect of Acorus tatarinowii on the osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood stem cells / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Studies have demonstrated that Acorus tatarinowi and its active ingredients can promote adult neurogenesis, exerting an active role in anti-aging and neurodegenerative disease treatment. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of Acorus tatarinowi extracts on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood stem cel s, thereby providing a new idea for promoting the osteogenic differentiation of stem cel s by Chinese medicines. METHODS:Acorus tatarinowi extracts were obtained via solvent extraction method and flow cytometry sorting technology was used to select the stem cel s isolated from human umbilical cord. Then, the umbilical cord blood stem cel proliferation was observed by electron microscope, and the effect of Acorus tatarinowi on the proliferation of umbilical cord blood stem cel s was observed by cel counting kit-8. Meanwhile, the impact of Acorus tatarinowi on osteocalcin and bone morphogenetic protein-2 contents in the supernatant of umbilical cord blood stem cel s were detected by ELISA;alkaline phosphatas expression was detected using alkaline phosphatase staining kit. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The separation purity of the stem cel s from umbilical cord mononuclear cel s was (89.66±3.47)%. After low, moderate and high concentrations of cord blood stem cel s co-cultured with Acorus tatarinowi extractions for 24, 48 and 72 hours, the stem cel proliferation rate was significantly higher compared with the control group (P<0.05), and additional y, the proliferation rate of moderate concentration group was significantly higher than that in the low and high concentration groups (P<0.05). The contents of osteocalcin and bone morphogenetic protein-2 in the stem cel supernatants were significantly higher than those in the control group after co-cultured with Acorus tatarinowi extractions for 5, 10 and 15 days, and which the highest in the high concentration group (P<0.05). The expression of alkaline phosphatase was significantly higher than that in the control group after umbilical cord blood stem cel s co-cultured with Acorus tatarinowi extractions for 10 days, and moreover, the expression of alkaline phosphatase in the moderate concentration and high concentration groups were significantly higher than that in the low concentration group (P<0.05). In conclusion, Acorus tatarinowi can promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood stem cel s.

Diagnostic utility of S100A1, GLUT-1 and Caveolin-1 in renal tumors with oncocytic features: a comparative study / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the immunohistochemical expression of S100A1, GLUT-1 and Cavolin-1 and its diagnostic significance in renal tumors with oncocytic features.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tissue microarray and immunohistochemical staining for S100A1, GLUT-1 and Cavolin-1 were carried out in 59 cases of renal tumors with oncocytic features, including 19 cases of renal oncocytoma, 15 cases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) with eosinophilic cells, 11 cases of eosinophilic variant of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, 7 cases of oncocytic papillary renal cell carcinoma and 7 cases of epithelioid angiomyolipoma.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>S100A1 was expressed in renal oncocytoma, with a positive propotion of 16/19 (including 14 cases showing widespread and strong positivity). On the other hand, the rate of expression of S100A1 was 2/11 in eosinophilic variant of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, 10/15 in CCRCC with eosinophilic cells, 3/7 in oncocytic papillary renal cell carcinoma and 6/7 in epithelioid angiomyolipoma (P>0.05). The difference of S100A1 expression between renal oncocytoma and eosinophilic variant of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma was statistically significant. GLUT-1 was located in cell membrane, with a positive rate of 13/15 in CCRCC with eosinophilic cells, 7/19 in renal oncocytoma, 4/7 (weak) in oncocytic papillary renal cell carcinoma, 1/11 in eosinophilic variant of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and 0/7 in epithelioid angiomyolipoma. The rate of expression of Cav-1 was 6/15 in CCRCC with eosinophilic cells, 2/7 in oncocytic papillary renal cell carcinoma, 5/7 in epithelioid angiomyolipoma, 2/11 (weak) in eosinophilic variant of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and 0/19 in renal oncocytoma. S100A1 showed high sensitivity and 50% specificity in the diagnosis of renal oncocytoma. GLUT-1 and Cav-1 showed high specificity and sensitivity in the diagnosis of CCRCC and epithelioid angiomyolipoma.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>S100A1 is widely expressed in various oncocytic renal neoplasms and helpful in differential diagnosis of renal oncocytoma from eosinophilic variant of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, but not from other 3 oncocytic renal tumors. Overexpression of GLUT-1 can be used in distinction between CCRCC and renal oncocytoma. Cav-1 is widely expressed in CCRCC and epithelioid angiomyolipoma but not in renal oncocytoma. Cav-1 expression thus rules out renal oncocytoma.</p>

Experimental study of the pipe replacement cycle for the suspension of ventilator / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To compare the detection results by bacteria pathogenic rate of ventilatorassociated pneumonia (VAP) pipeline and ventilator patients with mechanical ventilation,to investigate whether need to replace the ventilator weaning patients underwent another test of pipeline during mechanical ventilation.Methods This study selected using the ventilation mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours,try (48 ± 4) hours required to mechanical ventilation in 69 patients.They were divided into two groups according to admission time,group A was in need of replacement ventilation pipeline of new again during mechanical ventilation,group B used the original pipeline.In offline,try again during mechanical ventilation after mechanical ventilation,once daily for 4 days to collect ventilator pipe air outlet samples for bacterial culture counts were observed,while offline,use again after 2 hours,12 hours of ventilator,24 hours,2 days,3 days,4 days of body temperature,white blood cell count,neutrophil classification and other indicators.The incidence of VAP was compared between two groups.Results The temperature,white blood cell count,neutrophil classification were (38.5 ± 1.6)℃,(11.8 ± 3.5)×109/L,0.85±0.16 in group A,while (38.4 ± 2.0) ℃,(12.1 ± 3.7)×109/L,0.84 ± 0.20 in group B,and there were no significant differences between two groups,P＞0.05.The incidence of VAP was 37.1％(13/35) and 35.3％(12/34) in group A and group B,and there was no significant difference,P＞ 0.05.Conclusion There is no necessary for trial offline patients without respiratory infection to change the ventilator pipe when to re-ventilate during the 7 days using period of the ventilator pile.

Association of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4 polymorphisms with smoking behaviors in Chinese male smokers / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>It has been reported that the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit α4 gene (CHRNA4) might be associated with smoking behaviors in the previous studies. Up to now, there are few reports on the relationship between CHRNA4 and smoking initiation. In this study, we tried to explore the role of two polymorphisms in CHRNA4 (rs1044396 and rs1044397) in smoking initiation and nicotine dependence in Chinese male smokers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Nine hundred and sixty-six Chinese male lifetime nonsmokers and smokers were assessed by the Fagerström test for nicotine dependence (FTND), smoking quantity (SQ) and the heaviness of smoking index (HSI). All subjects were divided into four groups based on their tobacco use history and the FTND scores. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was performed to find two polymorphisms of CHRNA4 in these subjects.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The χ(2) test showed that rs1044396 was significantly associated with smoking initiation (χ(2) = 4.65, P = 0.031), while both rs1044396 and rs1044397 were significantly associated with nicotine dependence (χ(2) = 5.42, P = 0.020; χ(2) = 7.58, P = 0.005). Furthermore, the T-G (3.9%) haplotype of rs1044396-rs1044397 showed significant association with smoking initiation (χ(2) = 6.30, P = 0.012) and the C-G haplotype (58.9%) remained positive association with nicotine dependence (χ(2) = 8.64, P = 0.003) after Bonferroni correction. The C-G haplotype also significantly increased the HSI (P = 0.002) and FTND scores (P = 0.001) after Bonferroni correction.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These findings suggest that CHRNA4 may be associated with smoking initiation and the C-G haplotype of rs1044396-rs1044397 might increase the vulnerability to nicotine dependence in Chinese male smokers.</p>

Relationship of platelet-derived growth factor with benign prostatic hyperplasia / 中华男科学杂志

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostatitis are very common diseases in elderly men. The recent researches demonstrate that chronic inflammation is often present in the prostatic tissue of patients with BPH and the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) plays an important part in stimulating prostatic cell proliferation by inducing mitogenesis. This article presents a detailed discussion on the relationship between PDGF and BPH.

Individual educative instruction and its effect in children with learning disorder: 8 case analysis / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Educative instruction is good for the improvement of learning and behavior disorder in children with learning disorder. If this educative instruction were individualized, i. e. different education is provided for different individual, it would receive even better effects.OBJECTIVE: To explore the method and effect of educative instruction for children with learning disorder to accumulate experiences for the development of their learning potentials.DESIGN: A paired(pairing the subjects with similar age and learning disorder) case analysis based on the suffers .SETTING: A medical college of some university.PARTICIPANTS: Eight children with learning disorder were selected from Zhenjiang City Dongwu Kindergarten or Zhenjiang City Dagang Central Primary School. These 8 cases suffered from 4 types of disorders including clumsiness, seclusive personality, language disorder, and poor learning ability. Eight cases were randomly divided into education group and control group.METHODS: Cases of control group received normal educations without specific interventions. Cases of education group received individual customized educative instructions. The educative effects were observed after 3 months.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The improvement of clumsiness, seclusive personality, language disorder or poor learning ability in children with learning disorder.RESULTS: Cases of education group had better psychological and behavior improvements than that of control group after individual educative instruction.CONCLUSION: Individual educative instruction for children with learning disorder is an effective approach for the development of their learning potentials.

Effects of taurine on NOS activity in myocardium and plasma of hemorrhagic shock resuscitation in rabbits / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the effect of taurine on nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and nitric oxide products (NO2 /NO3 ) content in myocardium and plasma during shock resuscitation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-four rabbits were divided randomly into 3 groups (n=8): control group, shock group, taurine group. The model of hemorrhagic shock resuscitation was used. The activities of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and the contents of nitric oxide products (NO2- /NO3-) in plasma were observed before shock and shock 1.5 hours, after resuscitation 1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours. The activities of NOS and the contents of NO2-/NO3- in myocardium homogenate were measured after resuscitation 3 hours. Meanwhile, pathologic samples treated routinely.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) During resuscitation, the activities of NOS, LDH and the contents of NO2- /NO3- in plasma of shock group were significantly higher than that of before shock and shock 1.5 hours (P < 0.01). (2) After resuscitation 3 hours, the activity of NOS and the contents of NO2- / NO3 in myocardium of shock group were significantly higher than that of control group (P < 0.01). The cardiac myocyte appeared edema, fatty degeneration. (3) All the changes of above mentioned could be attenuated by intravenous injection taurine (40 mg/kg) (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These results suggest that the NOS activation and NO release may mediated myocardium injury induced by shock resuscitation, taurine can ameliorate the myocardium injury, which may be related to decreasing the generation of NO.</p>

Relationship between lung injury induced by hemorrhagic shock/reperfusion and nitric oxide and beneficial effect of taurine / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To approach the relationship between lung injury induced by shock/reperfusion and nitric oxide as well as the beneficial effect of taurine.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty four rabbits were divided randomly into 3 groups (n = 8): control group, shock group, taurine group. The model of lung injury induced by shock/reperfusion was used. The activities of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide products (NO2-/NO3-) in plasma and lung homogenate, lung wet/dry weight, lung water content, lung permeability index, and protein content in the pulmonary alveolar lavage fluid were measured. Meanwhile, pathologic samples treated routinely.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) At 3 hours after reperfusion, the activities of SOD in plasma and lung homogenate decreased markedly, but the other indexes above mentioned were increased significantly compared with the control group (P < 0.01). (2) A close correlation was shown between MDA content and NO2-/NO3- content in plasma and lung. Furthermore, the content of NO2-/NQ3- in lung homogenate showed strong positive correlation with the lung injury parameters. (3) Taurine (40 mg x kg(-1) i.v.) could attenuate all the changes above mentioned at the same time points of reperfusion.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>NO may play an important role in lung injury induced by shock/reperfusion. Taurine can ameliorate the lung injury, mechanism of which may be related to decreasing the generation of NO and anti-lipoperoxidation.</p>